Tragic Death of Zweli Mkhize, a Martyr of South Africa’s Shack-Dwellers Movement
On February 21, South Africa’s radical shack-dwellers movement, Abahlali BaseMjondolo (AbM), mourned the loss of its 26th martyr, Zweli Mkhize, affectionately known as Khabazela. The funeral, held in his hometown of Estcourt, KwaZulu-Natal, saw a significant turnout, including family members and AbM leaders from across the country.
Life and Legacy of Zweli Mkhize
Khabazela, aged 52, was survived by a spouse and three children. Tragically, he was gunned down on February 12 in the eNkanini informal settlement near Midrand, Gauteng, where he had been living since 2024. Elected as the treasurer of the local AbM branch in June 2023, Mkhize was a staunch advocate against the land mafia that took advantage of vulnerable residents.
Struggles Faced by Informal Settlers
Many residents in eNkanini, unable to afford rent after losing jobs in nearby industrial areas, built shacks using materials they could find. “Occupations often start in an unplanned manner,” explained AbM’s deputy president, George Bonono. Criminal elements often infiltrate these communities to exploit the desperate need for housing.
Local Mafias Targeting Vulnerable Communities
eNkanini has been plagued by local mafias, including groups led by Biza Shabalala and Sithole, who impose extortion on residents. Shabalala, connected to South Africa’s notorious taxi mafia, and Sithole, who claims authority as “induna,” exploit informal settlements abandoned by the state.
State Repression of Shack-Dwellers
The Red Ants, a private security force, have been notorious for their aggressive eviction tactics, as seen in eNkanini where homes were repeatedly destroyed. Despite opposition from the state, residents rebuilt their shacks, indicating their resilience. “After each eviction, residents could take no more and returned to reclaim their homes,” Bonono stated.
The Fight for Land Justice
As evictions escalated, local mafias positioned themselves as “saviors,” demanding money from residents to supposedly fund legal battles against demolitions. “This manipulation leads to a cycle of debt and hardship,” critiqued AbM’s general secretary Thapelo Mohapi. The community initially approached AbM seeking legal assistance but soon realized the necessity of grassroots organizing.
Community Organizing Amid Violence
AbM’s movement aims to foster community solidarity and organize shack-dwellers effectively. “We explain why we are not merely a legal aid organization but a movement fighting for land rights,” Bonono noted. Following presentations about AbM’s democratic processes, some residents were reportedly murdered in retaliation for their involvement.
AbM’s Continued Resistance
Despite violent pushback from the mafias, residents stood united. The establishment of the eNkanini branch in June was marked by community mobilization led by Khabazela who emerged as a natural leader. He was instrumental in pooling resources to improve local infrastructure, providing vital access to water and electricity.
Growth Amidst Hostility
Tragically, as the movement gained traction, violence increased. Just days before Khabazela’s assassination, he received death threats, which he faced with remarkable courage. On the evening of February 12, he was shot outside a friend’s shack, marking another loss for the community dedicated to land justice.
Responsibility for Violence Against Activists
The General Industrial Workers Union of South Africa (GIWUSA) condemned the political climate that fosters such violence, stating, “We hold the political establishment responsible for this death.” They emphasize the urgent need for accountability and the protection of activists in informal settlements.
A Call for Unity and Defense
As AbM moves forward, leaders like Mohapi assert the necessity to “pick up Khabazela’s spear and continue to fight for land justice.” The organization calls for a united front among progressive groups to build a protective strategy for communities facing violence and eviction.
Conclusion: A Legacy of Empowerment and Resistance
Khabazela’s inspiring vision for water, sanitation, and equitable land use will not be forgotten in the ongoing struggle of Abahlali BaseMjondolo. The commitment from community members to continue fighting for their rights serves as a testament to his leadership and the resilience of shack-dwellers across South Africa.
